| Command | Full Form | Description | Works On |
|---|---|---|---|
pwd | Print Working Directory | Displays the full path of the current working directory. | Linux & macOS |
ls | List | Lists files and directories in the current directory. | Linux & macOS |
cd | Change Directory | Changes the current directory. | Linux & macOS |
mkdir | Make Directory | Creates a new directory. | Linux & macOS |
rm | Remove | Deletes a file. | Linux & macOS |
rm -r | Remove Recursively | Deletes a directory and its contents. | Linux & macOS |
mv | Move | Moves or renames files and directories. | Linux & macOS |
cp | Copy | Copies files or directories. | Linux & macOS |
touch | Create File | Creates an empty file. | Linux & macOS |
| Command | Full Form | Description | Works On |
|---|---|---|---|
cat | Concatenate | Displays the content of a file. | Linux & macOS |
less | Less | Displays file content page by page. | Linux & macOS |
head | Head | Shows the first 10 lines of a file. | Linux & macOS |
tail | Tail | Displays the last 10 lines of a file. | Linux & macOS |
nano | Nano Editor | A simple terminal text editor. | Linux & macOS |
vim | Vi Improved | An advanced text editor. | Linux & macOS |
| Command | Full Form | Description | Works On |
|---|---|---|---|
find | Find | Searches for files and directories. | Linux & macOS |
grep | Global Regular Expression Print | Searches for patterns in files. | Linux & macOS |
| Command | Full Form | Description | Works On |
|---|---|---|---|
sudo | Superuser Do | Runs commands with superuser privileges. | Linux & macOS |
chmod | Change Mode | Changes file permissions. | Linux & macOS |
chown | Change Owner | Changes file ownership. | Linux & macOS |
top | Table of Processes | Displays running processes and system resources. | Linux & macOS (different look) |
| Command | Full Form | Description | Works On |
|---|---|---|---|
apt update | Update Packages | Refreshes the list of available packages. | Linux (Debian/Ubuntu) |
apt install | Install Package | Installs a package on Ubuntu/Debian. | Linux (Debian/Ubuntu) |
brew install | Homebrew Install | Installs a package on macOS. | macOS only |
| Command | Full Form | Description | Works On |
|---|---|---|---|
ping | Packet Internet Groper | Tests network connectivity to a host. | Linux & macOS |
curl | Client URL | Transfers data to/from a server. | Linux & macOS |
ssh | Secure Shell | Securely connects to remote systems. | Linux & macOS |
clear | Clear Screen | Clears the terminal screen. | Linux & macOS |
exit | Exit | Closes the terminal session. | Linux & macOS |
| Command | Full Form | Description | Works On |
|---|---|---|---|
ps | Process Status | Displays running processes. | Linux & macOS |
kill | Kill Process | Terminates a running process by its PID. | Linux & macOS |
htop | Interactive Top | Enhanced process viewer (needs install on macOS). | Linux & macOS |
df | Disk Free | Shows disk space usage for filesystems. | Linux & macOS |
du | Disk Usage | Shows disk usage of files and directories. | Linux & macOS |
free | Free Memory | Displays memory usage. | Linux only |
| Command | Full Form | Description | Works On |
|---|---|---|---|
chmod | Change Mode | Changes file or directory permissions. | Linux & macOS |
chown | Change Owner | Changes file or directory ownership. | Linux & macOS |
passwd | Password | Changes a user's password. | Linux & macOS |
useradd | User Add | Creates a new user. | Linux only |
usermod | User Modify | Modifies an existing user's account. | Linux only |
userdel | User Delete | Deletes a user account. | Linux only |